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Are You CovidMune?™

What is Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)?

  • Caused by a new coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2
  • Human originating coronaviruses cause the common cold, this coronavirus is special because it originated in bats and adapted to humans
  • Previous two coronaviruses that originated in bats caused many deaths, but did not multiply, or mutate as fast
  • Lethality is 3-5%, elderly and the immune-compromised
  • Spreads extremely fast
  • Takes 2 weeks to know if you are infected
  • Asymptomatic people can spread it
  • On average 1 person spreads it to 3 people
  • Compared with flu where 1 person spreads to 1.3 people

The Immune System Protects us from COVID19 

  • In bats, the virus is adapted to the bat immune system
  • Dirty conditions, and housing live and dead animals together, may have led to bat virus going into pangolin, then humans
  • The virus enters through lung type 2 epithelial cells
  • People with strong immune systems kill the virus
  • People with weak immune systems get killed by the virus

The Immune System Can Kill Us

  • COVID-19 deaths are a result of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
  • Excessive immune response to virus results in infiltration of inflammatory cells (neutrophils) into the lung
  • Neutrophils produce enzymes which destroy the fine structures of the lung needed for respiration to occur, also causes leakage of water into lungs

QuadraMune™ Boosts “Good” Immunity while Suppressing “Bad” Immunity

  • Protection from a virus is mediated by stimulation of the first layer of defense “innate” immunity:
  • interferon-alpha production
  • NK cell activity
  • Additional production from the virus by enhancement of Th1 cells, which are part of the adaptive immune system and cause immunological memory
  • Suppression of excessive inflammation by inhibition of NLRP3 and chemicals that are toxic to lung

What is QuadraMune™?

An Integrated Attack on inflammation

Contains:

Pterostilbene, which is the active ingredient in NanoStilbene™, originally developed and patented by us as a potent delivery means of using pterostilbene for immune stimulation and blocking inflammation is included.

Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCg) is a potent antioxidant, responsible for some health benefits of green tea.

Sulforaphane is an antioxidant and potent stimulator of endogenous detoxifying enzymes, responsible for health benefits of broccoli.

Thymoquinone is a phytochemical compound found in the plant Nigella sativa.

Pterostilbene Activates Immunity

  • In a clinical trial, Pterostilbene (NanoStilbene) was demonstrated to increase the ability of NK cells to kill target cancer cells. 
  • NK cells are cells of the body that directly kill viruses
  • In the same trial, pterostilbene increased the production of Interferon-gamma from T cells.
  • Interferon-gamma is essential for antiviral (Th1) immune memory

Pterostilbene Suppresses Inflammation

  • CRP associated with death from ARDS
  • CRP associated with death from COVID
  • In the same trial, pterostilbene decreased CRP
  • Liver generated inflammatory protein
  • Pterostilbene decreased TNF
  • TNF is produced by macrophages in the lungs and causes lung failure

Sulforaphane Protects Lungs

  • Protects lungs from damage by activating Nrf2 gene
  • Suppresses death of lung cells
  • If death occurs in lung cells, stimulates fluid call surfactant to clear debris
  • Stimulates production of growth factors
  • Prevents scar tissue formation
  • A common consequence of lung inflammation is long term fibrosis (scar)

Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) Stimulates T cells

  • EGCG stimulates the immune system by “taking off the brakes”…it inhibits the inhibitors
  • PD-L1 is an immune suppressive molecule, cancer patients take drugs that block PD-L1 in order to increase immunity
  • PD-L1 blocking drugs are very expensive
  • EGCG works on the same pathway but is natural, meaning fewer side effects
  • EGCG inhibits indolamine 2,3 deoxygenase pathway, which is another immune-suppressive means

Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) Inhibits Pathological immunity

  • T regulatory (Treg) cells protect the body against autoimmunity and pathological inflammation
  • Th17 cells make IL-17 which causes inflammation
  • In health, there is a balance between Treg and Th17
  • In ARDS there are too little Treg cells and too much Th17
  • EGCG stimulates Treg when they are needed

EGCG Protects lungs

  • Protects from cell death induced by inflammatory mediators
  • Inhibits alveolar macrophage hyperactivation
  • Suppresses neutrophil activity in lungs
  • Reduces fibrosis
  • Stimulates healing factors

Nigella Sativa (thymoquinone)

  • Active ingredient chemically related to hydroxychloroquine
  • Similar activity in cells in that it suppresses autophagy
  • Potentially antiviral based on mechanistic effects on cells
  • Demonstrated to stimulate NK cells which are antiviral